Toxic Tuesdays

Styrene is a chemical compound that can be linked together with itself or other compounds to create strong, flexible polymers that make up plastics, rubbers, and resins. Many products such as foodware containers, printer toner, shoes, plastic pipes, carpeting, fiberglass insulation, and automobile parts contain styrene.

Styrene can enter the air, water, and soil through manufacturing and disposal of styrene-containing products. Styrene is a colorless liquid but it readily evaporates, so a large portion of styrene that enters water or soil ends up in the air. While manufacturing and disposal can cause exposure, most people are exposed to styrene through their use of styrene-containing products.  For example, people inhale it indoors because styrene-containing building materials and printers release styrene vapors. In addition, the styrene in foodware containers can migrate into the food they hold, causing people to ingest styrene.

Once inhaled or ingested, styrene can have many adverse effects on the body. Many of these effects are in the brain, such as impaired vision, impaired hearing, loss of coordination, slowed reaction time, fatigue, and difficulty concentrating. Studies in laboratory animals have found that styrene exposure can also cause damage to the liver, though it is unknown if it has this effect in humans. The US Department of Health and Human Services classifies styrene as being reasonably anticipated to cause cancer. The International Agency for Research on Cancer classifies styrene as probably causing cancer. The pervasiveness of styrene-containing plastics in consumer and industrial products makes these adverse health effects particularly concerning. Decreasing the reliance on plastics – through government regulation, scientific innovation, and consumer education – would help protect people from styrene exposure and its associated health effects.